convert - Man Page

• Convert an image from JPEG to PNG: convert path/to/input_image.jpg path/to/output_image.png
• Scale an image to 50% of its original size: convert path/to/input_image.png -resize 50% path/to/output_image.png
• Scale an image keeping the original aspect ratio to a maximum dimension of 640x480: convert path/to/input_image.png -resize 640x480 path/to/output_image.png
• Horizontally append images: convert path/to/image1.png path/to/image2.png ... +append path/to/output_image.png
• Vertically append images: convert path/to/image1.png path/to/image2.png ... -append path/to/output_image.png
• Create a GIF from a series of images with 100ms delay between them: convert path/to/image1.png path/to/image2.png ... -delay 10 path/to/animation.gif
• Create an image with nothing but a solid red background: convert -size 800x600 "xc:#ff0000" path/to/image.png
• Create a favicon from several images of different sizes: convert path/to/image1.png path/to/image2.png ... path/to/favicon.ico

tldr.sh

magick convert [input-options] input-file [output-options] output-file

The convert program is a member of the ImageMagick(1) suite of tools.  Use it to convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more.  

For more information about the convert command, point your browser to file:///usr/share/doc/ImageMagick-7/www/convert.html or https://imagemagick.org/script/convert.php.

Image Settings:
 -adjoin              join images into a single multi-image file
 -affine matrix       affine transform matrix
 -alpha option        activate, deactivate, reset, or set the alpha channel
 -antialias           remove pixel-aliasing
 -authenticate value  decrypt image with this password
 -attenuate value     lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image
 -background color    background color
 -bias value          add bias when convolving an image
 -black-point-compensation
                      use black point compensation
 -blue-primary point  chromaticity blue primary point
 -bordercolor color   border color
 -caption string      assign a caption to an image
 -cdl filename        color correct with a color decision list
 -clip                clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile
 -clip-mask filename  associate a clip mask with the image
 -clip-path id        clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile
 -colorspace type     alternate image colorspace
 -comment string      annotate image with comment
 -compose operator    set image composite operator
 -compress type       type of pixel compression when writing the image
 -decipher filename   convert cipher pixels to plain pixels
 -define format:option
                      define one or more image format options
 -delay centiseconds  display the next image after pausing
 -density geometry    horizontal and vertical density of the image
 -depth value         image depth
 -direction type      render text right-to-left or left-to-right
 -display server      get image or font from this X server
 -dispose method      layer disposal method
 -dither method       apply error diffusion to image
 -encipher filename   convert plain pixels to cipher pixels
 -encoding type       text encoding type
 -endian type         endianness (MSB or LSB) of the image
 -family name         render text with this font family
 -features distance   analyze image features (e.g. contrast, correlation)
 -fill color          color to use when filling a graphic primitive
 -filter type         use this filter when resizing an image
 -flatten             flatten a sequence of images
 -font name           render text with this font
 -format "string"     output formatted image characteristics
 -fuzz distance       colors within this distance are considered equal
 -gravity type        horizontal and vertical text placement
 -green-primary point chromaticity green primary point
 -intensity method    method to generate intensity value from pixel
 -intent type         type of rendering intent when managing the image color
 -interlace type      type of image interlacing scheme
 -interline-spacing value
                       set the space between two text lines
 -interpolate method  pixel color interpolation method
 -interword-spacing value
                       set the space between two words
 -kerning value       set the space between two letters
 -label string        assign a label to an image
 -limit type value    pixel cache resource limit
 -loop iterations     add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation
 -matte               store matte channel if the image has one
 -mattecolor color    frame color
 -metric type         measure differences between images with this metric
 -moments             report image moments
 -monitor             monitor progress
 -orient type         image orientation
 -page geometry       size and location of an image canvas (setting)
 -ping                efficiently determine image attributes
 -pointsize value     font point size
 -precision value     maximum number of significant digits to print
 -preview type        image preview type
 -quality value       JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level
 -quiet               suppress all warning messages
 -read-mask filename  associate a read mask with the image
 -red-primary point   chromaticity red primary point
 -regard-warnings     pay attention to warning messages
 -remap filename      transform image colors to match this set of colors
 -repage geometry     size and location of an image canvas
 -respect-parentheses settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary
 -sampling-factor geometry
                      horizontal and vertical sampling factor
 -scene value         image scene number
 -seed value          seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers
 -size geometry       width and height of image
 -statistic type geometry
                      replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood
 -stretch type        render text with this font stretch
 -stroke color        graphic primitive stroke color
 -strokewidth value   graphic primitive stroke width
 -style type          render text with this font style
 -support factor      resize support: > 1.0 is blurry, < 1.0 is sharp
 -synchronize         synchronize image to storage device
 -taint               declare the image as modified
 -texture filename    name of texture to tile onto the image background
 -tile-offset geometry
                      tile offset
 -treedepth value     color tree depth
 -transparent-color color
                      transparent color
 -undercolor color    annotation bounding box color
 -units type          the units of image resolution
 -verbose             print detailed information about the image
 -virtual-pixel method
                      virtual pixel access method
 -weight type         render text with this font weight
 -white-point point   chromaticity white point
 -write-mask filename associate a write mask with the image

Image Operators:
 -adaptive-blur geometry
                      adaptively blur pixels; decrease effect near edges
 -adaptive-resize geometry
                      adaptively resize image with data dependent triangulation
 -adaptive-sharpen geometry
                      adaptively sharpen pixels; increase effect near edges
 -annotate geometry text
                      annotate the image with text
 -auto-gamma          automagically adjust gamma level of image
 -auto-level          automagically adjust color levels of image
 -auto-orient         automatically orient image
 -auto-threshold method
                      automatically perform image thresholding
 -bench iterations    measure performance
 -bilateral-blur geometry
                       non-linear, edge-preserving, and noise-reducing smoothing filter
 -black-threshold value
                      force all pixels below the threshold into black
 -blue-shift factor   simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight
 -blur geometry       reduce image noise and reduce detail levels
 -border geometry     surround image with a border of color
 -brightness-contrast geometry
                       improve brightness / contrast of the image
 -canny geometry      detect edges in the image
 -channel mask        set the image channel mask
 -charcoal radius     simulate a charcoal drawing
 -chop geometry       remove pixels from the image interior
 -clahe geometry      contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization
 -clamp               keep pixel values in range (0-QuantumRange)
 -clip                clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile
 -clip-mask filename  associate a clip mask with the image
 -clip-path id        clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile
 -colorize value      colorize the image with the fill color
 -color-matrix matrix apply color correction to the image
 -colors value        preferred number of colors in the image
 -color-threshold start_color-stop_color
                      force all pixels in the color range to white otherwise black
 -connected-component connectivity
                      connected-components uniquely labeled
 -contrast            enhance or reduce the image contrast
 -contrast-stretch geometry
                      improve contrast by `stretching' the intensity range
 -convolve coefficients
                      apply a convolution kernel to the image
 -cycle amount        cycle the image colormap
 -deskew threshold    straighten an image
 -despeckle           reduce the speckles within an image
 -distort method args
                       distort images according to given method and args
 -draw string         annotate the image with a graphic primitive
 -edge radius         apply a filter to detect edges in the image
 -emboss radius       emboss an image
 -enhance             apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image
 -equalize            perform histogram equalization to an image
 -evaluate operator value
                      evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression
 -extent geometry     set the image size
 -extract geometry    extract area from image
 -fft                 implements the discrete Fourier transform (DFT)
 -flip                flip image vertically
 -floodfill geometry color
                      floodfill the image with color
 -flop                flop image horizontally
 -frame geometry      surround image with an ornamental border
 -function name       apply a function to the image
 -gamma value         level of gamma correction
 -gaussian-blur geometry
                      reduce image noise and reduce detail levels
 -geometry geometry   preferred size or location of the image
 -grayscale method    convert image to grayscale
 -hough-lines geometry
                      identify lines in the image
 -identify            identify the format and characteristics of the image
 -ift                 implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT)
 -implode amount      implode image pixels about the center
 -integral            calculate the sum of values (pixel values) in the image
 -interpolative-resize geometry
                      resize image using interpolation
 -kmeans geometry     K means color reduction
 -lat geometry        local adaptive thresholding
 -layers method       optimize or compare image layers
 -level value         adjust the level of image contrast
 -level-colors color,color
                       level image with the given colors
 -linear-stretch geometry
                      improve contrast by `stretching with saturation' the intensity range
 -liquid-rescale geometry
                      rescale image with seam-carving
 -mean-shift geometry delineate arbitrarily shaped clusters in the image
 -median geometry     apply a median filter to the image
 -mode geometry       make each pixel the 'predominant color' of the neighborhood
 -modulate value      vary the brightness, saturation, and hue
 -monochrome          transform image to black and white
 -morphology method kernel
                      apply a morphology method to the image
 -motion-blur geometry
                      simulate motion blur
 -negate              replace each pixel with its complementary color
 -noise geometry      add or reduce noise in an image
 -normalize           transform image to span the full range of colors
 -opaque color        change this color to the fill color
 -ordered-dither NxN
                      add a noise pattern to the image with specific amplitudes
 -paint radius        simulate an oil painting
 -perceptible epsilon
                      pixel value less than |epsilon| become epsilon or -epsilon
 -polaroid angle      simulate a Polaroid picture
 -posterize levels    reduce the image to a limited number of color levels
 -print string        interpret string and print to console
 -profile filename    add, delete, or apply an image profile
 -quantize colorspace reduce colors in this colorspace
 -radial-blur angle   radial blur the image
 -raise value         lighten/darken image edges to create a 3-D effect
 -random-threshold low,high
                      random threshold the image
 -range-threshold values
                      perform either hard or soft thresholding within some range of values in an image
 -region geometry     apply options to a portion of the image
 -render              render vector graphics
 -resample geometry   change the resolution of an image
 -resize geometry     resize the image
 -roll geometry       roll an image vertically or horizontally
 -rotate degrees      apply Paeth rotation to the image
 -sample geometry     scale image with pixel sampling
 -scale geometry      scale the image
 -segment values      segment an image
 -selective-blur geometry
                      selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold
 -sepia-tone threshold
                      simulate a sepia-toned photo
 -set property value  set an image property
 -shade degrees       shade the image using a distant light source
 -shadow geometry     simulate an image shadow
 -sharpen geometry    sharpen the image
 -shave geometry      shave pixels from the image edges
 -shear geometry      slide one edge of the image along the X or Y axis
 -sigmoidal-contrast geometry
                      lightness rescaling using sigmoidal contrast enhancement
 -sketch geometry     simulate a pencil sketch
 -solarize threshold  negate all pixels above the threshold level
 -sort-pixels         sort each scanline in ascending order of intensity
 -sparse-color method args
                       fill in a image based on a few color points
 -splice geometry     splice the background color into the image
 -spread amount       displace image pixels by a random amount
 -strip               strip image of all profiles and comments
 -swirl degrees       swirl image pixels about the center
 -threshold value     threshold the image
 -thumbnail geometry  create a thumbnail of the image
 -tile filename       tile image when filling a graphic primitive
 -tint value          tint the image with the fill color
 -transform           affine transform image
 -transparent color   make this color transparent within the image
 -transpose           flip image vertically and rotate 90 degrees
 -transverse          flop image horizontally and rotate 270 degrees
 -trim                trim image edges
 -type type           image type
 -unique-colors       discard all but one of any pixel color
 -unsharp geometry    sharpen the image
 -vignette geometry   soften the edges of the image in vignette style
 -wave geometry       alter an image along a sine wave
 -wavelet-denoise threshold
                       removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform
 -white-balance       automagically adjust white balance of image
 -white-threshold value
                      force all pixels above the threshold into white

Image Channel Operators:
 -channel-fx expression
                      exchange, extract, or transfer one or more image channels
 -separate            separate an image channel into a grayscale image

Image Sequence Operators:
 -append              append an image sequence top to bottom (use +append for left to right)
 -clut                apply a color lookup table to the image
 -coalesce            merge a sequence of images
 -combine             combine a sequence of images
 -compare             mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image and its reconstruction
 -complex operator    perform complex mathematics on an image sequence
 -composite           composite image
 -copy geometry offset,
                      copy pixels from one area of an image to another
 -crop geometry       cut out a rectangular region of the image
 -deconstruct         break down an image sequence into constituent parts
 -evaluate-sequence operator
                      evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression
 -flatten             flatten a sequence of images
 -fx expression       apply mathematical expression to an image channel(s)
 -hald-clut           apply a Hald color lookup table to the image
 -morph value         morph an image sequence
 -mosaic              create a mosaic from an image sequence
 -poly terms          build a polynomial from the image sequence and the corresponding terms (coefficients and degree pairs)
 -process arguments   process the image with a custom image filter
 -smush geometry      smush an image sequence together
 -write filename      write images to this file

Image Stack Operators:
 -clone indexes       clone an image
 -delete indexes      delete the image from the image sequence
 -duplicate count,indexes
                      duplicate an image one or more times
 -insert index        insert last image into the image sequence
 -reverse             reverse image sequence
 -swap indexes        swap two images in the image sequence

Miscellaneous Options:
 -debug events        display copious debugging information
 -distribute-cache port
                      distributed pixel cache spanning one or more servers
 -help                print program options
 -log format          format of debugging information
 -list type           print a list of supported option arguments
 -version             print version information

Use any setting or operator as an output-option.  Only a limited number of setting are  input-option. They include: -antialias, -caption, -density, -define, -encoding, -font, -pointsize, -size, and -texture as well as any of the miscellaneous options.

By default, the image format of `file' is determined by its magic number.  To specify a particular image format, precede the filename with an image format name and a colon (i.e. ps:image) or specify the image type as the filename suffix (i.e. image.ps).  Specify 'file' as '-' for standard input or output.

ImageMagick(1)

Copyright (C) 1999 ImageMagick Studio LLC. Additional copyrights and licenses apply to this software, see file:///usr/share/doc/ImageMagick-7/www/license.html or https://imagemagick.org/script/license.php

abcde(1), eqn2graph(1), fim(1), gdcmimg(1), grap2graph(1), i3lock(1), ImageMagick(1), miff(4), mogrify(1), pic2graph(1), sane-teco2(5), unibmpbump(1), unoconv(1), vidwhacker(6), webcollage(6).